When policy scholars assess the effects of federalism on climate change mitigation, they often look at countries that rejected binding commitments (in particular the United States) and find that federalism enabled sub-national entities to partly fill national regulatory voids. In accordance with...

Prior to China and the USA's ratification of the 2015 Paris Global Climate Agreement, and according to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change, 23 nations, had ratified the Agreement and their ratification had constituted just about 1.08% of the global emissions.The Agreement, pursuant...

Following high-profile United Nations climate summits in Glasgow and Paris, sub-national regions and cities are increasingly seeking to set climate targets and policies in line with the Paris Agreement's goals. Downscaled carbon budgets are a useful framework for setting local mitigation targets...

We examine a global refunding scheme for mitigating climate change. Countries pay an initial fee into a global fund that is invested in long-run assets. In each period, part of the fund is distributed among the participating countries in relation to the emission reductions they have achieved in...

We explore a framework that could be used to assign quantitative allocations of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), across countries, one budget period at a time. Under the two-part plan: (i) China, India, and other developing countries accept targets at Business as Usual (BAU) in the coming...

The international developments over the last century, the implementation of international rules and the interaction between different fields of international law have fascinated many legal minds. The expansion of international investment law in particular is occurring at such speed and in such a...

This paper explains why the approach taken so far to mitigate global climate change has failed. The central reason is an inability to enforce targets and timetables. Current proposals recommending even stricter emission limits will not help unless they are able to address the enforcement...