Fraud constitutes a significant problem for many organizations. Its effects range from monetary costs to reputational loss. With the added impetus of recent regulations, the implementation of an effective anti-fraud program is a priority for most companies. To establish the basis for the...

Accounting regulation is one aspect of the government’s role in protecting the investing public’s interest. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was an effort by the U.S. Congress to remedy negative effects of earlier major accounting failures. Requirements of SOX highlight the critical role...

The leadership of the modern enterprise is no longer satisfied with operative information but wants forecasts, wishes to anticipate future competition movements and the future evolution of the market taking into account what is happening today. Achieving good economic efficiency by businesses is...

The Internal Auditing & Risk Management is a quarterly peer-reviewed journal started in 2006 by Athenaeum University and The Center of Excellence in Financial Management and Internal Audit and publishes original high-quality papers in the field of management and auditing

Internal audit functions of organizations are regarded as crucial components of the combined assurance model, alongside the audit committee, management and external auditors. In this regard, internal audit plays a crucial role, insofar as it consists of experts in risk, governance and control...

Internal audit functions of organizations are regarded as crucial components of the combined assurance model, alongside the audit committee, management and external auditors. In this regard, internal audit plays a crucial role, insofar as it consists of experts in risk, governance and control...

We examine whether internal auditors with a strong organizational identity, defined as a perceived close relationship between the individual and their employer, provide overly lenient assessments of identified internal control weaknesses as compared to internal auditors whose organizational...

We address whether SOX 404(b) internal control audits under two auditing standards regimes and SOX 404(a) management assessments are associated with improved internal control system quality, an important and largely unstudied potential benefit. In 2013, the PCAOB disclosed fifteen percent of...