Using two theoretical categories of the work of Robert Nozick: (a) protection agencies and (b) minimal state, to illustrate by analogy with the CMSP, the dilemmas arising from the use of private military in regions with civil wars and conflicts irregular. We see that the relations preserved PBMC...

Private actors are increasingly taking on roles traditionally arrogated to the state. Both in the industrialized North and the developing South, functions essential to external and internal security and to the satisfaction of basic human needs are routinely contracted out to non-state agents. In...

One of the most important developments in the capital markets over the past decade presents a puzzle that needs to be solved. The development is the dramatic expansion of the unregulated market for private securities in the United States. The puzzle is that public choice theory, the dominant...

The issue of internal security has become increasingly complex over the past decades. As there is an increasing overlap between private and public provision of security, the question of how to allocate responsibility for security between the public sphere (state) and the private sphere has...

The last decades has seen an enormous explosion in the use of private security providers by governments, industry, the UN and humanitarian organizations. Meanwhile, the accountability of these companies and their personnel for violations of human rights has not kept pace. Some researchers...

This essay demonstrates that, because of the flexible definition of “security,” certain interests have the potential to fall in and out of the definition, and thus in and out of securities regulation. This essay coins this potentiality “shapeshifting.” The phenomenon of shapeshifting...

South Africa's Private Security Industry Regulation Amendment Bill, 2014 is currently awaiting presidential assent before it is passed into law. The bill seeks to, in its regulation of the private security industry, impose a limitation on foreign ownership of private security companies in South...

We examine the effect of private maritime security on international public safety by analyzing International Maritime Organization vessel security data from 2007-2014. During this time a considerable spike in maritime piracy occurred in East Africa, West Africa and East Asia. We exploit the fact...

What determines professional motivations and values of security operatives: sector or profession? Our article aims to answer this question through a survey study among police officers (n = 405) and private security guards (n = 329) in the Netherlands. Our results show that both groups closely...

AbstractThe impacts of violence unleashed by the Islamic sect popularly known as Boko Haram have become a nation-wide concern in Nigeria in recent years. Almost every day television stations broadcast, shows this trend, newspaper, magazine and internet websites run and re-run pictures of the...