Investors utility has been mathematically modeled at 1738 by Daniel Bernoulli as an attempt to capture investors preferences to lottery outcomes. Ever since the analysis of decision making under uncertainty has again become a major focus of interest. Kahneman and Tversky in 1979 suggested a more...

Shapley value theory, which originally emerged from cooperative game theory, was established for the purpose of measuring the exact contribution of agents playing the game. Subsequently, the Shapley value was used in finance to decompose the risk of optimal portfolios, attributing to the various...