Die Arbeitskosten je vollzeitbeschäftigten Arbeitnehmer im Produzierenden Gewerbe sind nach 2010 auch im Jahr 2011 wieder deutlich gestiegen: Sie legten in Westdeutschland um 4,9 Prozent auf 59.500 Euro und in Ostdeutschland um 3,8 Prozent auf 39.170 Euro zu. Der deutliche Anstieg ist...

We investigate the impact of offshoring on individual level wages and unemployment probabilities and pay particular attention to the question of whether workers on temporary contracts are affected differently than workers on permanent contracts. Data are taken from the German Socio-Economic...

The new type of industrialization called Industry 4.0 is gaining increasing importance for manufacturing and service firms alike. Industry 4.0 is characterized by the interconnection between different information and communication technologies and between production facilities such as machines,...

This paper investigates whether firms innovate persistently or discontinuously over time using an innovation panel data set on German manufacturing and service firms for the period 1994-2002. We find that innovation behaviour is permanent at the firm-level to a very large extent. Using a dynamic...