The Precautionary Principle has been proposed as a basis for making decisions about environmental issues but remains controversial. Using a model of inductively justified propositions about awareness, this paper shows how the Precautionary Principle may be interpreted as a heuristic guide for...

Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) are the most widely used measure of health in economic evaluations of health care. Within a welfarist framework QALYs are consistent with people's preferences under stringent assumptions. Several authors have argued that QALYs are a valid measure of health...

A state-contingent model of production under uncertainty is developed and compared with more traditional models of production under uncertainty. Producer behavior with both production and price risk, in the presence and in the absence of futures and forward markets, is analyzed in this...