Despite the advocates of the common EU identity, many people and scholars do believe that the EU will not ultimately prevent them from being French, Germans, Polish, and so on. It is almost impossible to avoid the recognition of the opposite phenomenon to the common identity, the growing...

We examine the impact of a different cultural background on individual behavior, focusing on penalties in football matches of southern European and northern European football players in the English Premier League. Southern European football players collect on average more football penalties than...

Most cross-cultural research focuses on general differences or similarities between cultures, while little attention has been paid to when these differences emerge. A dynamic constructivist view of culture (Hong, Morris, Chiu, & Benet- Martínez, 2000; Morris & Fu, 2001) posits that culture impacts...

In the “Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness" (GLOBE) Research Program (House et al., 2004; Chokkar et al., 2007), research collaborators around the world studied leadership attributes by first grouping 62 societies around the world into 10 country clusters based on their...

In order to face the challenges of an increasingly global business arena in the 21st century, it is crucial for those who work across cultures to equip themselves with a wider repertoire of skills such as cross-cultural management and negotiation skills. Between 1985 and 1990, Adler and...

This paper contributes to international business literature by integrating firms’ product competition, consumers’ brand congruence, and contextual enculturation into one framework of analysis. The authors propose and empirically demonstrate how the effectiveness of international branding...