The systematic review of rural energy research is important to accurately identify the existing shortcomings and future research directions for the advancement of the rural energy upgrading (REU). This article selects the research on rural energy from the perspective of the economy, environment...

This article investigates out-of-sample performance of the naïve hedging strategy relative to that of the minimum variance hedging strategy, in which the covariance parameters are estimated from eighteen econometric models. Hedging performance is compared across twenty-four futures markets. Our...