Environmental justice (EJ) assessment has traditionally focused on identifying distributive effects to protected populations. Federal and State highway improvement programs have been established to stimulate economic development for these populations. While this issue has long been recognized as...

Low voltage switchgear products are standard products used for distribution and control of electric power in industries, farms, commercial buildings and residential homes. The products are supplied by the manufacturers through distribution channels consisting of resellers who perform a variety...

Highway alignment optimization based on cost minimization requires comprehensive formulation of costs sensitive to alignment and development of efficient solution algorithms. The complexity of the applicable cost functions severely limits the search algorithms that can be employed. Recently,...