In pre-industrial Europe, growth was driven by the expansion of trade, and the expansion of trade was driven by falling trading costs. This paper discusses the mechanisms linking these processes: profit-seeking behavior by merchants, changes in the organization of production, technological...

We present a simple model of international trade (IT) and growth. The model yields a unique equilibrium path in which the relationship between exogenous and endogenous variables does not resemble the equations estimated by the empirical literature: Ours are not linear, despite the fact that...

World trade growth rates have significantly slowed: in 2015, the volume of world trade went up by 2.8% and according to the WTO forecast will remain at the same level throughout 2016. As a result, the current year will be the fifth year in a row when the trade turnover will increase by less...

Russian exports of services in 2017 grew by 14%. To achieve the export target set by the President's decree of May 7, 2018 to the tune of $100 billion over the next six years, annual growth of 9% will be required. Import of services in 2017 grew by 19% mainly due to 30% increase in traveling...

This paper documents that the Rise of (Western) Europe between 1500 and 1850 is largely accounted for by the growth of European nations with access to the Atlantic, and especially by those nations that engaged in colonialism and long distance oceanic trade. Moreover, Atlantic ports grew much...

Because international trade theory has not provided an unambiguous prediction on the impact of trade on growth, a vast literature tried to identify the relationship empirically. After summarizing the influential large country case studies of the 1970s and early 1980s - which showed the folly of...

This paper studies the patterns of trade and the incentives to innovate in an unequal global economy. We introduce non-homothetic preferences in a general-equilibrium model of endogenous growth and international trade between two countries, and argue that the effects of market integration on the...

This paper explores the impact of past and future growth in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the People's Republic of China (PRC), and India — the ACI countries — on aggregate welfare, relative wages, and global emissions in the rest of the world. It outlines several...