This article challenges the view that university governance at the board level may be understood through the legal principles that apply to business corporations, the governance of which is dominated by shareholders alone. Conversely, most Canadian universities are legally required to follow a...

The current prominence of digital platforms that compete for customers’ attention by offering them free services and generate revenue by monetising the data obtained from customers on different markets, for example on online advertising markets, has brought to the forefront of the antitrust...

We build a model of innovation and patent adjudication under two forms of uncertainty; uncertainty regarding whether the original invention merits protection (non-obviousness), and uncertainty as to whether a particular competitor's product should be barred (infringement). We find that when it...

In 2014, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) first considered a proposal for the development of a multilateral convention on the enforceability of international commercial settlement agreements reached through conciliation (defined to include mediation). The goal...

Plea bargaining is the cornerstone of the U.S. criminal justice system and the bargaining in the shadow of the trial framework, where the plea reached is driven primarily by the expected sentence arising from a trial, is the convention for applied economists. Criminologists and legal scholars...

The combination of big data, large storage capacity and computational power has strengthened the emergence of algorithms in making myriads of business decision. It allows business to gain a competitive advantage by making automatic and optimize decision making. In particular, the use of pricing...

This paper considers how international mediated settlement agreements can be enforced without the Singapore Convention on Mediation. Although the Singapore Convention on Mediation represents an important contribution to facilitate resolution of cross-border disputes through mediation, it will...

This paper studies the design of optimal enforcement policies with ordered leniency to detect and deter harmful short-term activities committed by groups of injurers. With ordered leniency, the degree of leniency granted to an injurer who self-reports depends on his or her position in the...

We consider an inspection game between "n" polluting firms and an environmental enforcement agency. If the cost of monitoring ambient pollution is low enough, the optimal inspection policy consists in imposing the maximal possible fine, and mixing between observing ambient pollution and not...

When the European Commission proposed Directive 2014/104/EU (the Directive), two explicit aims were to optimise the interaction of public and private enforcement as well as ensuring that those who have suffered damages as a result of competition law infringements can receive full compensation....