The article focuses on the novelties introduced by the Damages Directive in the field of consensual settlements of disputes concerning private enforcement. The Damages Directive obliges Member States to ensure that the limitation period for bringing an action for damages is suspended for the...

Procedural tools aimed at access to information in general, and disclosure of documents in particular, are crucial for the effectiveness of private antitrust enforcement litigation and for facilitating more genuine equality of arms. Currently, profound differences exist among EU Member States'...

On 11 June 2013, the European Commission adopted a package of measures to tackle the lack of an efficient and coherent private enforcement system of EU competition law in its Member States. In particular, a draft Damages Directive was proposed in order to meet the need for a sound European...

This article addresses, in part, the use of the OECD Commentaries with respect to the interpretation of bilateral tax treaties. However, the article has as its focus those instances in which a tax treaty or protocol to a tax treaty, in the main, directly reference the OECD Commentaries as an...

The article overviews Hungarian case law on private enforcement of competition law, with a view on class actions. Group litigation has still a long way to go until it can exercise its full preventive force against infringers of competition rules in Hungary. As we will show in the article,...

It will be argued in this article that the EU Recommendation on common principles for collective redress might have limited impact on the field of competition law due to: several uncertainties regarding the legal standing in class actions; difficulties in their funding; and the risk of forum...

This article examines the legal framework governing enforcement of foreign judgments in Uganda and the East African regional legal framework for enforcement of foreign judgments and recommends possible considerations to increase the attractiveness of Uganda as an investment destination. It is...

Market manipulation, generally considered to be a serious form of misconduct, has been a significant focus of regulators, the media and others in Australia and internationally, with widespread allegations of market manipulation, not just relating to securities, but in relation to interest rates,...

The International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) is a recognized international standard setter for securities markets. Development and implementation of an effective global regulatory and enforcement mechanism is one of the organization's major purposes. In 2002, IOSCO introduced...

We provide a comprehensive quantitative assessment of cartels and the related cartel enforcement process in the European Union (EU) from 2001 to 2015. In a first step, we present a detailed characterization of all cartel cases decided by the European Commission (EC) with respect to various...