Since 2003, the prosecution of hardcore cartels has been a top priority in Brazil. The Leniency Program in Brazil has been one of the most important investigative tools for detecting collusive conduct among competitors. The Leniency Program has exhibited some breakthroughs achieved in terms of...

People have subjective valuations of privacy. Thus, absent further considerations, efficiency requires that a person be afforded privacy if, and only if, his subjective valuation of privacy exceeds the social value of the information that would be disclosed through a violation of that person's...

This chapter discusses the significance of corporate compliance programmes as a competition enforcement tool. Current enforcement challenges in the fight against collusive practices that are, a low probability of detection and under-deterrence of corporate fines, raise the need to move away from...

Most treaties govern relations of contracting parties or their activities. Their interpretation is subject to the interpretation rules under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. There is another group of treaties directly or indirectly governing private matters or their related legal...

Much of the recent history of intellectual property has been a move from status to contract, resulting in an unchecked expansion of controls over knowledge beyond the boundaries once drawn in IP law. When employers introduce these contractual arrangements as standard HR provisions, they are...

How does enforcement of labor regulations shape the labor market effects of trade? To tackle this question, we exploit the Brazilian trade liberalization episode and exogenous variation in the intensity of both the trade shock and enforcement across local labor markets. Regions with stricter...

In this paper, we analyse a continuous time version of Fish Wars with the infinite time horizon and state dependent constraints on controls. We calculate the social optimum and a Nash equilibrium which always leads to the depletion of the resource even if the social optimum results in the...

In the last decade, the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (SFC) has made an important shift in its enforcement strategy. Instead of initiating criminal and disciplinary proceedings to deter market misconduct, it has brought an increasing number of civil actions to obtain...

The strength of contract enforcement determines how firms source inputs and organize production. Using microdata on Indian manufacturing plants, we show that production and sourcing decisions appear systematically distorted in states with weaker enforcement. Specifically, we document that in...