This book brings together contributions from the 14 WTO chair-holders of the first phase of the WTO Chairs Programme (2010-2014). The volume is divided into four sections, focusing on export diversification, the role of non-tariff measures, the rule of law in connecting to global markets, and...

We study tax compliance under decentralized versus centralized tax enforcement. Using a tax administration reform in Canada, we examine which organizational level of tax enforcement leads to higher compliance. Our results show that there is more tax avoidance under centralized tax enforcement....

This article examines changes in the punitive bias of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers in the 2012 through 2016 period. We define punitive biases as the officers' higher likelihood of expressing a written dissent with Low Risk Classifications cases when compared to high risk...

This paper highlights how international organizations can use Global Performance Indicators (GPIs) to drive policy change through transnational market pressure. When international organizations are credible assessors of state policy, and when monitored countries compete for market resources,...

Whilst the enforcement of EU law was initially based on individual and institutional ‘vigilance', it has progressively expanded to embrace collective redress. However, collective redress mechanisms remain mostly nested in market-oriented areas, like competition law, consumer protection and...