The success of deregulation in creating a viable private rail freight system in the ?U.S. since 1979 is relatively undisputed. Deregulation has proceeded in three ways: (i) eased rate setting restrictions; (ii) simplified merger applications and approval procedures; and (iii) relaxed route...

Among the ambitious aims of the Health and Care Bill is the removal of competition from the English NHS, thus cementing policy shifts towards integration. Controversies and misunderstandings surrounding the competition provisions of the Health and Social Care Act 2012 (HSCA 2012) suggest that...