The European Court of Justice Laval quartet of cases held that worker collective actions that impacted freedom of services and establishment in the EU violated EU law. After Laval, The Swedish Labour Court imposed “exemplary,” or punitive damages, on labour unions for violating EU law. This...

Purpose: Employment plays an important part in many people’s lives beyond merely providing income, since continued participation in work can have many therapeutic benefits for workers defined as disabled. However, disabled workers face a range of barriers to employment, despite legislation...