This paper shows that the formation and propagation of traffic oscillations in the absence of lane changes can be explained by the stochastic nature of drivers’ acceleration processes. By adding a white noise to drivers’ desired acceleration in free-flow, oscillations are produced that...

This paper analyzes the dynamic traffic assignment problem on a two-alternative network with one alternative subject to a dynamic pricing that responds to real-time arrivals in a system optimal way. Analytical expressions for the assignment, revenue and total delay in each alternative are...

The Newell–Daganzo merge model is not only very simple but also accurately reproduces experimental findings. However, the capacity downstream of the merge is an exogenous variable in the model. This is a serious limitation for merges that behave as active bottlenecks because their downstream...

This paper shows how moving obstructions in (kinematic wave) traffic streams can be modeled with "off-the shelf" computer programs. It shows that if a moving obstruction is replaced by a sequence of fixed obstructions at nearby locations with the same "capacity", then the error in vehicle number...

This paper presents a framework for estimating analytical expressions for the capacity reductions caused by a subset of vehicles forced to slow down at horizontal/vertical curves on multilane freeways. In each lane the underperforming stream is described in terms of its desired speed...

This paper studies the user optimum dynamic traffic assignment in a network consisting of a congested freeway section connected to a surface street grid via capacitated off-ramps. It is shown that although the network is simple, it is in general complicated to obtain the optimum solution...

A crucial challenge faced by current microscopic traffic flow models is capturing the relaxation phenomena commonly observed near congested on-ramps: vehicles are willing to accept very short spacings as they enter the freeway, but "relax" to more comfortable values shortly thereafter. This...

This paper studies the system optimum dynamic traffic assignment in a network consisting of a hypothetical surface street grid and a congested freeway section. Vehicles can be diverted through off-ramps, and on-ramps can be metered. The family of solutions are identified graphically using...

A macroscopic theory for predicting the operation on two-lane, two-way roads is proposed. In this theory, the interaction between fast and slow vehicles obeys Newell's kinematic wave theory of moving bottlenecks. Calibration is not required as all parameters are fully observable. Closed-form...

This paper presents a numerical method to model kinematic wave (KW) traffic streams containing slow vehicles. The slow vehicles are modeled discretely as moving boundaries that can affect the traffic stream. The proposed scheme converges in flows, densities and speeds without oscillations, and...