Purpose Over the past decades, the global solar photovoltaic (PV) market has experienced an unprecedented development associated with a substantial decline in solar PV module prices. A body of literature has attempted to identify and evaluate the different sources of price variation. However,...

Two types of solar panels are currently in use. Fixed panels; where they are placed at a convenient angle depending on the geographical location with a fixed tilt angle. But irradiation time merely exceeds six hours/day. The second type is rotating panels, either by continuously tracking the sun...

The performance of solar systems to convert solar radiation depends on its inclination angle to the horizontal plane, independently from meteorological conditions. Sunlight should fall with steep angle to extract maximum power from solar panels. Therefore, optimum fixed tilt angles of solar...

Solar rooftop PV system is an attractive alternate electricity source for households. The potential of solar PV at a given site can be evaluated through software simulation tools. This study is done to assess the feasibility of grid-connected rooftop solar photovoltaic system for a household...

One of the important optimization applications (minimization and maximization) is the power grid systems. National electricity grids should be interconnected to develop larger regional grids (supergrids), and further integrated to build up a worldwide grid (global grid) for minimizing...