With a sample of 18,611 utility patents, this paper studies the patent mix of 90 of the world's leading food and beverage multinationals (FBMs) from 1969-1994. It explores the statistical association within companies between patenting in food technology, in agriculture and in ten non-food...

Firms acquire external technological knowledge via different channels. In this paper, we compare the technology sourcing of foreign subsidiaries and domestic firms looking at domestic R&D outsourcing, international R&D outsourcing, domestic cooperation for innovation and international...

The relationship between intra-metropolitan location, research and development (R&D) and the outsourcing of production is analysed to determine differences in, and the supportive character of, intra-metropolitan areas for high-technology production. Madrid's electronics industries have shown a...

This unique Handbook examines the impacts on, and responses to, economic geography explicitly from the perspective of the behaviour, mechanics, systems and experiences of different firms in various types of industries. The industry studies approach allows the authors to explain why the economic...

In this paper we identify some sources of resilience in regional production districts (RPDs) faced with external shocks. We analyze Madrid’s electronics district, which has managed to survive and prosper even after the turbulent period of the early 1990s when Spanish telecommunications...

Summary Using a database comprising around 7,000 affiliates, this article analyses the geographic pattern of the world's largest food and beverage multinational enterprises (F&B MNEs) over 1996-2000. Most of the 81 sampled F&B MNEs follow regional strategies. We find nine global firms, with 20%...