An essential element of the managerial process, the decision is the act of moving from thought to action. This aims to find the most rational way for future actions to ensure maximum efficiency of managerial actions. The process further increasing the effectiveness of management’s actions...

This article evaluates the effectiveness of ex-post targeting of the direct payment program for mountain agriculture in Japan. A regression analysis explaining the entry into the program shows that the farm profitability and the production cost were significant positive and negative factor,...

A cost-effectiveness analysis of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) program suggests that Board certification is less cost-effective than a range of alternative approaches for raising student achievement, including comprehensive school reform, class size reduction, a...

Compensation schemes in which land owners receive payments for voluntarily managing their land in a biodiversity-enhancing manner have become one of the most important instruments for biodiversity conservation worldwide. One key challenge when designing such schemes is to account for the spatial...

Issues related to the cost-effectiveness of biodiversity conservation policies have not yet been prominent in European conservation research and policy-making. Nevertheless, there is a small but growing literature which analyses such cost-effectiveness issues on both a conceptual and an applied...

The EU Habitats Directive provides in Annexes II and IV a list of species needing to be conserved. Member States have implemented a variety of conservation measures in response to this obligation. These measures include the rejection, modification or delay of land development plans, payments for...

An approach is present which integrates an economic and an ecological model for designing cost-effective compensation payments for conservation of endangered species in real landscapes. The approach is used to develop a cost-effective compensation payment scheme for conservation of an endangered...

В статье предложено разделение товародвижения на бизнес-процессы с учётом особенностей хозяйственной деятельности предприятий розничной торговли. Согласно...

Objetivo: Estimar la costo efectividad del antibiótico oral comparado con el local en mujeres no gestantes con flujo vaginal sugestivo de vaginosis bacteriana.Metodología: Se compararon cuatro combinaciones de antibióticos para primera opción y ante falla clínica: clindamicina vaginal y...

Based on the latest available data up to 2009, the health status of the Hungarian population is among the poorest in the OECD, including countries with a similar level of income per capita. While this outcome has been driven by the socioeconomic status of the population and lifestyle risks, it...