Srinivasan, Shuba; Hsu, Liwu; Fournier, Susan - 2011
literature on branding and shareholder value into a process framework that helps enumerate and explain the brand-finance link … metric to assess brand performance and brand equity value. The authors introduce common metrics of shareholder value (e ….g., Tobin’s q, abnormal returns, and idiosyncratic risk) and three distinct metrics of brand equity: customer, product …