Halloran, Clare; Jack, Rebecca; Okun, James C.; Oster, Emily - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2021
We estimate the impact of district-level schooling mode (in-person versus hybrid or distance learning) on test scores …. We combine Spring 2021 state standardized test score data with comprehensive data on schooling in the 2020-21 school year …, but were significantly larger in districts with larger populations of students who are Black, Hispanic or eligible for …