In an earlier work entitled Regulating Cybersecurity, I argued that cyber defense should be understood not just as a matter for law enforcement and the armed forces, but as a regulatory problem in need of regulatory solutions. This companion article proposes a series of market-based responses to...

Every company is undoubtedly under attack from hackers. Many companies have suffered data breaches resulting from cybersecurity. In Britain and the United States, the legal privilege strategy has been developed to shield companies after a cyber-attack from tortious liability. However, unlike in...

The delicate art of managing foreign affairs is one of the oldest in human history. This long- established practice has recently experienced a renaissance with the introduction of “cyber diplomacy” as an exciting new frontier for traditional diplomatic work. Under this novel banner a pincer...

This chapter is among the several in this volume that seek to bridge the divide among approaches to cyber activities. It undertakes a preliminary exploration and analysis of the treatment of cyber in international economic law. It looks first at international trade and cybersecurity, including...

Digital technologies are creating more value and thus becoming more attractive to cyber criminals. Gary Becker provides a philosophy for understanding crimes from an economic perspective, but criminal behavior and potential policies against it differ in the context of a digital economy....

Cybersecurity breaches pose a substantial privacy concern in the digital era. We investigate how customers respond to privacy leakage in multiple unexpected data breaches. Difference-in-differences estimates show that digital payments declined by 4.6% ~ 7.5% relative to cash payments immediately...