Both in the German energiewende and in the European low-carbon energy system transformation, infrastructure is … without which energy transformation may fail. At second glance, there may be some doubt as to whether "big infrastructure" is … system, more infrastructure automatically implies more carbon emissions (sometimes called "carbon lock-in"). In this chapter …

transparency platform operated by the European Network of Gas Transmission System Operators for Gas (ENTSOG). Gas Infrastructure … particular, we show how the system has reacted to infrastructure expansions, disruptions, and an evolving geopolitical context. …