There are a lot of studies that test Ballasa –Samuelson hypothesis also known as Harrod-BalassaSamuelson effect directly via the effect of productivity, one possible explanation is that PER Capita GDP is not good explanation for productivity (.i.e. Labor productivity) differences; an increase...

Cobb-Douglas production function is a basic function in growth models. The modeling in this paper showed that VAR is stable; KPSS test showed that output, capital and labor are not trend stationary. Johansen’s co-integration test showed that a requirement for Fischer/Cobb-Douglass paradox to...

In this paper was investigated the relationship between GDP per capita growth and Log of energy production, energy consumption per capita, the log of productivity in energy sector and population. Data covered sample for 220 countries and world regions, years covered from 1980 to 2002.The results...

The research in this paper is focus on macroeconomic analysis of trade and other relevant indicator for real economy such as government net debt, exchange rate, interest rate, and especially the correlation between trade and growth. Today is widely accepted that openness of counties have...

This paper examines PPP parity theory with data for Macedonia. We test the empirical consensus in this literature that real exchange rates tend towards PPP in the very long run, also we use co-integration Engle-Granger method and error correction mechanism. The hypothesis we test that PPP theory...

In this paper the issue of mathematical programming and optimization has being revisited. The theory of optimization deals with the development of models and methods that determine optimal solutions to mathematical problems defined. Mathematical model must be some function of any solution that...

Canadian labor market data are being used in this paper. These series are quarterly data from 1980 Q1 to 2000 Q4. This series are stationary by test for cointegration I(0), meaning that there exist equilibrium relationship between the time series labour productivity (prod), employment (e),...

Cobb-Douglas production function is a basic function in growth models. The modeling in this paper showed that VAR is stable; KPSS test showed that output, capital and labor are not trend stationary. Johansen’s co-integration test showed that a requirement for Fischer/Cobb-Douglass paradox to...

This empirical study investigates the dynamic link between patent growth and GDP growth in G7 economies. ARDL model showed that there exist positive relationship in long run between quarterly growth of patents and quarterly GDP growth. The error correction term suggests that 20,6 percent of the...

In the past employee interest and influence have been presented mainly through trade unions and collective bargaining (economic regulation). Socially optimal levels of co-determination may be prevented by the existence of high fixed costs of establishing councils. Job security can resolve the...