In the fall of 2008, at the peak of the financial crisis, Oren Bar-Gill and Elizabeth Warren published a law review article proposing the creation of a new federal agency charged with protecting consumers from dangerous lending practices. Fewer than two years later, in response to the most...

XVA models for the calculation of CVA, FVA (see for example (Burgard and Kjaer 2013)), KVA(Green, Kenyon, and Dennis 2014), MVA (Green and Kenyon 2014) and TVA (Kenyon and Green 2014a) have frequently been formulated at the counterparty level. However, it is clear that some elements of the...

Credit risk may be warehoused by choice, or because of limited hedging possibilities. Credit risk warehousing increases capital requirements and leaves open risk. Open risk must be priced in the physical measure, rather than the risk neutral measure, and implies profits and losses. Furthermore...

This paper proposes a simple and crude way of approximating the XVA sensitivities. In short, the idea is simply to recycle the existing base simulated portfolio values for the bumped ones. This is done by re-simulating the risk factors for the bumped market and finding out which other base state...

Credit (CVA), Debit (DVA) and Funding Valuation Adjustments (FVA) are now familiar valuation adjustments made to the value of a portfolio of derivatives to account for credit risks and funding costs. However, recent changes in the regulatory regime and the increases in regulatory capital...

Predatory lending, the origination of loans with abusive terms to homeowners, is rampant in the subprime mortgage market. In the last few years, many states responded to this problem by enacting consumer protection laws. Large segments of the lending industry have opposed these laws. In large...

There is an increasing consensus within banks, on the need to recognize the impact of rising capital requirements on their derivative business in the form of capital valuation adjustment (KVA). However, because of varied reasons, there are still concerns over how exactly KVA should be computed,...

Regulators set capital levels to ensure that banks are "sufficiently resilient to withstand losses in times of stress''. Climate change is caused by greenhouse gas emissions, and governments have introduced over seventy carbon pricing instruments (CPIs). Banks finance a significant fraction of...