The Federal Reserve System or the Fed is one of the most prestigious institutions in the world.Founded by the Federal Reserve Act in 1913, the Fed has the responsibility of setting the monetary policy of the U.S. The Fed's actions affect the money supply in the U.S. market which has a direct...

The economic growth and the research of the inflation, as objectives of the monetary policy of a country, are a major problem for all the monetary authorities of all countries and a priority for economic analyses from different times. The fact that in the 20th century, all countries have known...

Money is important in the economic mechanism, defining the engine through which the Central Bank can interfere on the economy’s liquidity, and also in satisfying its needs. Monetary policy achieves its objectives through different instruments. Along with goals and methods of transmission of...

A conventional finding of recursive structural VAR (SVAR) analyses is the price puzzle namely the positive relationship between interest rates and inflation. We employ a Markov regime-switching structural VAR (MRS-SVAR) to investigate whether the price puzzle is present at regimes where there is...

The international financial crisis that started in 2007 required the adoption of nontraditional monetary measures by most Central Banks. This paper analyses the recent impact of the crisis (September 2011- October 2012) in the implementation of monetary policy after the worsening of the global...

We examine the effects of fiscal shocks on the performance of alternative monetary policy rules in a small dynamic general equilibrium framework. We explicitly consider the interaction between fiscal and monetary policy rules which may be present in the real world. We use a simple specification...

There is a widespread agreement among central bankers around the world that the stability of the national currency should be entrusted to independent central banks. There are two arguments supporting this idea: 1. to achieve macroeconomic stability, a low and stable inflation is required, an...

Federal Reserve Chairman William McChesney Martin famously declared that the Federal Reserve 'is in the position of the chaperone who has ordered the punch bowl removed just when the party was really warming up.' This paper uses the punch bowl metaphor to analyse how the Federal Reserve can...

Monetary policy tools, including money supply and interest rate, are the most popular instruments to control inflation around the globe. It is assumed that a tight monetary policy, either in form of reduction in money supply or an increase in interest rate, will reduce inflation by reducing...

The first central banks were founded in the XVII century and monetary policy has been evolving ever since. Knowledge on monetary economy has improved significantly over the last couple of decades and a consensus has been reached in a number of areas. As a result, hyperinflations have been...