Planning during the product life cycle (PLC) poses a number of challenges for managers due to the pace of change and uncertainties in the marketplace. The ability to better understand, predict, and make decisions based on manifestations of demand forms a set of important operational problems...

Services usually have a limited life under modern conditions of competition. The life cycle phenomenon is characterized by time-varying demand and a learning curve of workforce efficiency, making it difficult to determine staffing requirements. This paper initiates a study of the service life...

Workforce agility is commonly described as a strategy that facilitates profitability in rapidly changing, and uncertain production environments. Agility should be distinguished from the shorter term concept of flexibility, which relates to daily operational issues. A lack of workforce agility...