Hungary is a country of around 10 million people. Fifteen years after its political transition into democratic pluralism, Hungary became a member of the EU. The creation of democratic laws and institutions has been accompanied by increasing awareness of the principle of equal treatment, but the...

The authority to enact laws is vested in the Swedish Parliament (the Riksdag). The Government, however, has the power to issue decrees concerning less important matters. To some extent this power stems directly from the Instrument of Government (1974:152), one of Sweden's four constitutional...

Due to several factors, which include the low level of legal awareness in Polish society, people's passivity (and sometimes fear) around seeking to uphold their rights and a lack of systematic research, it is impossible to assess the real scale of discrimination in Poland. Research commissioned...

The Slovak Republic is a country of 5.4 million people. In addition to Slovak nationals, a wide range of minority groups live in the country. The largest groups are Hungarians (8.5 %) and the Roma minority. The official number of Roma in the last census (2011) was 105 738 (2 %), although the...

The Republic of Albania (RoA) has a formal constitution, which has the highest legal power in the country.The Constitution was adopted in 1998 with Law No. 8417, 'Constitution of the Republic of Albania'. So far, it has been revised five times. None of the five constitutional reforms concerned...

In the European Union, there are numerous non-agricultural products made based on local knowledge and following local production methods that are rooted in the cultural and social heritage of their home region and that, ultimately, possess unique distinctive qualities and characteristics due to...

Poland is a unified state with a uniform legal system of continental type. The supreme legal act in Poland is the 1997 Constitution, which, among other things, declares that the Republic of Poland is a democratic state that follows the rule of law, implementing the principles of social justice...

The German legal system is a federal, statutory law system. The centre of legal thought and practice is the parliamentary statute (although the practice - as we will see - is far more differentiated and fuzzy). The system is hierarchical: federal law takes precedence over state law, and every...

There have been great social and political changes in Spain over the past 44 years. Major transformations have taken place in the country's social structure, forming a much more diverse society in ethnic and religious (and other) terms. Two of the major interrelated changes have been a...