The Principality of Liechtenstein is one of the smallest countries in Europe, with only 36 000 inhabitants. Political power is shared equally between the elected parliament/the people and the monarch. The Parliament decides on new legislation, which can be amended by the electorate by means of...

The Supreme law of the land is the Constitution of 1964 as amended. Malta is an independent republic with a parliamentary system of government. Parliament makes laws subject to respect for Malta's international obligations including membership of the European Union. The European Union Act of...

The Portuguese legal system is mainly a statutory law system, headed by the Portuguese Constitution and developed by state legislation. Where employment and industrial relations are concerned, collective agreements are also a key element of the system but they cannot go against mandatory legal...

The Netherlands is a civil-law country. Its laws are written. The role of case law is small in theory, but in practice it is impossible to understand the law in many fields without taking into account the relevant case law. The primary law-making body is formed by the Dutch Parliament in...

The jurisdictional system of Luxembourg consists of both a judicial and an administrative order. The Constitutional Court can be added to these. Thus the judicial order consists of the Constitutional Court and the instances of the judicial order which are the Superior Court of Justice, the...

Irish law consists of a written Constitution. The Government in Ireland is divided between a legislature, executive and judiciary. The national legislature (the Oireachtas) comprises the President of Ireland and two houses namely the upper chamber Seanad Éireann and the lower house Dáil...