The laws transposing Directives 2000/78 and 2000/43 allow for differential treatment based on the grounds of racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, age, disability and sexual orientation when the nature of the occupational activities or the context within which these are carried out is...

In Belgium, which has a population of 11 million, the main religion is Roman Catholicism (50 %). Other religious groups are Muslims (5 %), Anglicans, Protestant and Orthodox Christians (2.5 %), persons of Jewish faith (0.4 %) and Buddhists (0.3 %). In addition, nearly 42 % of people identified...

The Finnish constitution includes the following articles dealing with non-discrimination. Section 6(1) of the Constitution is a general clause: 'Everyone is equal before the law'. Section 6(2) defines the prohibition of discrimination and the protected grounds: 'No one shall, without an...

The general principles of equality and non-discrimination in Estonian law can be found in the Constitution (primarily in Article 12). The Equal Treatment Act includes detailed definitions of direct and indirect discrimination, and harassment. In the Equal Treatment Act, provisions regarding...

Lithuania regained its independence from the Soviet Union in 1990. The current Constitution was approved by referendum in 1992. On 1 May 2004 Lithuania joined the European Union, requiring significant changes to be made to the legal system in little over a decade to meet EU and international...