The European Court of Justice (ECJ) is a very powerful court compared to other international courts and even national courts of last resort. Observers almost unanimously agree that it is the preliminary references procedure that made the ECJ the powerful court it is today. In this paper, we...

Judicial Independence is a crucial aspect of the rule of law and the concept of separation of powers. It gives judges considerable leeway in interpreting and thereby modifying the constitution. In this paper, the role of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) as an actor in the strategic game...

The European Court of Justice (ECJ) is a very powerful court compared to other international courts and even national courts of last resort. Observers almost unanimously agree that it is the preliminary references procedure that made the ECJ the powerful court it is today. In this article, we...

Das deutsche System der industriellen Beziehungen weist im internationalen Vergleich gemeinhin ein hohes Mass an Verrechtlichung auf. Umso ueberraschender ist der Umstand, dass das Recht und seine Akteure, Institutionen und Verfahren in der Forschung ueber Arbeitsbeziehungen seit Jahrzehnten...

Spätestens seit den Urteilen des EuGH in den Fällen Laval (C-341/05), Viking (C-438/05), Rüffert (C-346/06) und Kommission gegen Luxemburg (C-319/06) ist deutlich geworden, dass die Rechtsprechung des Gerichtshofes erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die nationalen Systeme industrieller Beziehungen...

Free movement of capital and payments is one of four fundamental principles, whose undisturbed operation is vital for proper functioning of the Common Market. In the first stage of the European Community, this freedom served a rather ancillary function, facilitating the full use of the freedom...

This paper argues that legally speaking, Turkish service recipients must be granted visa-free access to the EU. The freedom to provide services is covered by Article 41(1) Additional Protocol, and rights in this field should be extended as far as possible to Turkish nationals, as outlined in...