The analysis in this paper helps understand the progress in reforms and development of the private sector in the Middle East and North Africa. It shows the critical role played by the State-private sector relations in determining the progress of reforms and their impact on private sector...

This paper studies the impact of labor market policies on growth and unemployment in labor-exporting countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The analysis is based on a framework that captures many of the main features of the labor market in these countries. We conduct a variety of policy...

The analysis in this paper helps understand the progress in reforms and development of the private sector in the Middle East and North Africa. It shows the critical role played by the state-private sector relations in determining the progress of reforms and their impact on private sector...

This paper provides a review of empirical knowledge about income inequality in the Arab region, focusing primarily on the issues of data and measurement, and the characterization of its patterns and trends. The review shows good progress in the availability of data and quality of measurement....

The authors examine the impact of public infrastructure on private capital formation in three countries of the Middle East and North Africa-Egypt, Jordan, and Tunisia. They highlight various channels through which public infrastructure may affect private investment. Then they describe their...

Despite recent gains, the development challenges of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region remain formidable. Job creation remains the most important one given the magnitude of its demographic transition and the seventy million people that are expected to seek employment opportunities in...

This paper studies the impact of the financial and economic liberalization in Tunisia since the mid-1980s on the financial structure and behavior of the corporate sector. We analyze the effect of financing constraints, due to market imperfections as well as credit allocation policies, on the...