This essay discusses how recent developments have modified the existing allocation of tasks between the EU and national levels and the legitimising mechanisms in decision-making by the EU institutions. It examines in turn the increasing differentiation emerging in member states’ participation...

This policy contribution describes the unresolved adjustment problems confronting the eurozone, and places them in historical perspective by comparing developments in key real economic variables under EMU with those observed under the Bretton Woods system. The main finding is that the eurozone...

Over the past thirty years, the Single European Market has been the core business of the European Union, and enormous progress has been achieved in both ‘widening' the economic activities covered by EU legislation and ‘deepening' the acquis to overcome emerging gaps in integration in areas...