During the 2008/2009 crisis French businesses were hit by a slump in domestic and world demand, while French banks encountered difficulties that may have encouraged them to tighten their credit conditions. This crisis strongly affected the number of business start-ups as well as the initial size...

This study describes the human resources management along several dimensions, based on administrative data (DADS and tax data): wage schedule both in terms of level but also dispersion, stability of the workforce, proportion of different qualifications and age, share of subsidized jobs ... A...

In France, the share of national value added devoted to labor is rougthly two thirds. This figure conceals an important diversity in microeconomic practices. The Cotis report (2009) showed the wide range of practices between firms. This descriptive study resumes this microeconomic approach at...

This work presents a methodology to evaluate user cost of capital using firm level accounting data for French firms between 1984 and 2002. This evaluation relies on a modelling of individual user cost of capital that accounts for the structure of the financing of the firm, banking interest rates...

An important share of international exchanges take place within multinational firms, according to internal transfer prices. These prices can be influenced by cross-country differences in corporate taxation. A multinational group can reduce its global fiscal burden through overpricing of goods...

The French cluster policy Pôles de compétitivité has been launched in 2004 to foster collaborations between firms, research institutions, and training institutions. Many firms taking part in these clusters have obtained subsidies to finance R&D collaborative projects involving other firms and...

Public debt is considered sustainable if discounted net repayments are expected to cover the initial debt issuance, i.e. if the government intertemporal budget constraint is expected to hold. With risk averse lenders and an uncertain economic environment, Bohn (1995) stresses that this...

This paper implements an affine term structure model that accommodates "unspanned" macro risks for the Euro area, i.e. distinct from yield-curve risks. I use an averaging-estimator approach to obtain a better estimation of the historical dynamics of the pricing factors, thus providing more...

This article provides evidence about how access to social housing affects living and accommodation conditions of households, using hedonic prices and stratified regression methods. First, I estimate the monthly monetary benefit of social housing tenants, which is the difference between the...