We investigate the agent-based modeling technique in a model of wealth distribution. In the first part we discuss this modern approach to economic modeling in the light of two major methodological approaches in the history of economic analysis, classical political economy and neo-classical...

We exhibit some simple gadgets useful in designing shallow parallel circuits for quantum algorithms. We prove that any quantum circuit composed entirely of controlled-not gates or of diagonal gates can be parallelized to logarithmic depth, while circuits composed of both cannot. Finally, while...

We propose a definition of QNC, the quantum analog of the efficient parallel class NC. We exhibit several useful gadgets and prove that various classes of circuits can be parallelized to logarithmic depth, including circuits for encoding and decoding standard quantum error-correcting codes, or...

We study path integration on a quantum computer that performs quantum summation. We assume that the measure of path integration is Gaussian, with the eigenvalues of its covariance operator of order j^{-k} with k1. For the Wiener measure occurring in many applications we have k=2. We want to...

We exhibit a quantum circuit that performs the Quantum Fourier Transform on $n$ qubits in $ (n)$ depth. Thus, a parallel quantum computer can carry out the QFT in linear time. We conjecture that this can, in fact, be reduced to $ ({\rm log} n)$ depth, which would place the QFT in the class {\bf...

Given an initial distribution of sand in an Abelian sandpile, what final state does it relax to after all possible avalanches have taken place? In d = 3*, we show that this problem is P-complete, so that explicit simulation of the system is almost certainly necessary. We also show that the...

To study quantum computation, it might be helpful to generalize structures from language and automata theory to the quantum case. To that end, we propose quantum versions of finite-state and push-down automata, and regular and context-free grammars. We find analogs of several classical theorems,...

Quantum strategies are introduced into evolutionary games. The agents using quantum strategies are regarded as invaders, whose fraction generally is 1% of a population, in contrast to the 50% of the population that are defectors. In this paper, the evolution of strategies on networks is...

We study the asymptotic equilibrium between the degrees of freedom of position and chirality in a generalized quantum walk on the line. For this system, we propose a temperature function in order to characterize this equilibrium. We show that the initial condition determines the equilibrium...

We analyze the responses of a quantum search algorithm to an external monochromatic field and to the decoherences introduced through measurement processes. The external field in general affects the functioning of the search algorithm. However, depending on the values of the field parameters,...