In social and biological systems, there are obvious individual divergence and asymmetric payoff phenomenon due to the strength, power and influence differences. In this paper, we introduce an asymmetric payoff mechanism to evolutionary Prisoner’s Dilemma Game (PDG) on scale-free networks. The...

This paper investigates the effect of routing protocol on the occurrence of extreme events (EE) in complex networks, as an extension of [V. Kishore, M.S. Santhanam, R.E. Amritkar, Phys. Rev. Lett. <Emphasis Type="Bold">106, 188701 (2011)]. The target routing model [W.X. Wang, B.H. Wang, C.Y. Yin, Y.B. Xie, T. Zhou,...</emphasis>

In this paper, we propose a max-flow-min-cost (MFMC) problem to obtain the upper bound of network capacity and develop an efficient packet routing strategy. The MFMC problem is formulated as two linear programs (LP). The optimal solutions of the two LPs are the upper bound of network capacity...

In this paper, we study the information traffic flow in communication networks with scale-free topology. We consider the situation arising when packets are delivered to non-homogeneously selected destinations. It is found that the network capacity Rc increases with the increase of 〈k〉...