This study investigates the extent to which exposure to armed conflicts during pregnancy influences women's utilization of prenatal and delivery care in 35 developing countries between 1990 and 2018. Exploiting the variation across residential districts and conception months-years in a...

This study contributes to the growing literature on environmental innovation by offering novel cross-country evidence on how climate vulnerability shapes green innovation. While existing research has extensively examined the influence of regulatory frameworks, market forces, and technological...

This study examines whether loan terms are jointly determined and if information asymmetries' effects on them across revolving and term loans. A simultaneous equation model is applied for revolving and term loans made by US commercial banks to US corporate borrowers from 1987 to 2009. The...

We find that larger US bank holding companies (BHCs) hold lower quality capital buffers than their smaller peers. US BHCs' capital buffer quality is found to be a function of their operational complexity, risk-weighted assets and profitability. We, however, find no evidence that large US BHCs...

This paper investigates the hidden yet persistent cost of conflict to birth weight outcomes for 53 developing countries experiencing conflict in the past three decades (1990-2018). Exploiting the variation across districts and conception months-years, we find that intrauterine exposure to armed...

This paper evaluates the impacts of education on women’s relational empowerment, within a context of 70 developing countries across the world. Exploiting the variation in educational attainment between biological sisters, we find that education is positively associated with women’s...

COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in the largest number of lockdowns worldwide in history. While lockdowns may reduce the spread of COVID-19, the downside costs of this approach could be dreadful. By exploiting the differential timing of lockdown implementation across the United States within a...