The purpose of this paper is to provide an account of the full set of possible means by which value based pricing (VBP) might be operationalised; to describe and categorise them by developing a taxonomy of approaches; to give an initial assessment of the challenges, pros and cons that each of the...

This report is a critique of the Centre for Health Economics Research Paper No. 81 (CHERP81), which estimates that the marginal cost of a QALY for the NHS in England in 2008/9 was £12,936. There is much to admire in the approach, detailed analysis, and reporting set out in CHERP81 and we...

Background: It is often assumed that the objective of health care is to maximise health using available resources. This is the principle underpinning NICE's use of cost effectiveness analysis based on incremental cost per QALY gained. Yet research on local NHS decision making shows that cost per...

Objectives: The objectives of this research were to identify the cost-effectiveness of health care services at the margin in the Scottish NHS; consider the extent to which the thresholds observed in Scottish NHS decision making are consistent with the threshold being used to make judgements...

Introduction to economic analysis in health care -- The demand for health care -- The production and costs of health care -- The supply of health care -- Markets, market failure, and the role of government in health care -- Health insurance and health care financing -- Equity in health care --...

Most health care systems could improve their efficiency in using physical capital - buildings and equipment. Health care systems in which assets are provided by governments or donated by aid organizations generally have only weak incentives for those assets to be used efficiently. Wrongly...

Competition is firmly established as a tool of public policy in England and is being accorded a growing role within health care. Since 2002 competition has become an actively promoted tool of government health care policy in England, particularly for the provision of hospital care to publicly...