This research evaluates the impact of oil price shocks on oil producing and consuming economies; we used a simultaneous equation framework for different countries with business relations. As expected, we found that oil-producers (here, Iran and Russia) benefit from oil price shocks. However...

Recent studies of monetary demand indicate that simple sum measurement of monetary aggregates in money demand is invalid; unless the monetary components of aggregates are perfect substitutes. Thus all predictions of monetary policies based on simple sum method of aggregation should be...

If the security of investment in developing countries and transitional economies is guaranteed and the necessary legal process is provided, the international investors will be more interested in participating more actively in such economies. Economic security can be known as a kind of public...