We compare several options for a border adjustment to the European Union Emission Trading  System. We discuss their WTO‐compatibility and provide a quantitative assessment based on the ...

We compare several options for a border adjustment to the European Union Emission Trading System. We discuss their WTO‐compatibility and provide a quantitative assessment based on the partial equilibrium model CASE II. We conclude that, firstly, if the EU wants to implement such a border...

Global impact assessment of unilateral climate policies is commonly based on multi-sector, multi-region computable general equilibrium (CGE) models that are calibrated to consistent accounts of production, consumption, and bilateral trade flows. However, global economic databases such as GTAP...

We assess the potential impact of the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) based on the European Commission's proposal presented in 2021. The CBAM products are divided into four categories: cement, fertilizers, iron and steel products, and aluminium products. In terms of production and...