This paper proposes a model of an integrated energy based direct district water-heating system, which makes joint use of wind energy, solar energy, natural gas and electric energy. The model includes a stand-alone wind turbine generator, heat producers, a water supply network and heating load....

This paper presents<i> in situ</i> measurements of a newly developed current density measurement system for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). While the functional principle and technical evaluation of the measurement system were presented in a previous paper, this paper analyzes the...

Close supply chain of green agricultural products is defined, consisting of the supplier, manufacturer, distributor, retailer and consumer (customer). Cost structure of distributor is analyzed, mainly including the order activity-based cost, the inventory cost and the supply transportation cost...

Chapter 1.-Key Issues of Guarantee of Emergency Supplies against Major Epidemics and Countermeasures from the Perspectives of Multi Organizations and Multi-Stages -- Chapter 2.-Empirical Research on Emergency Material Supply System in MPHE -- Chapter 3.-System Dynamics Analysis of Emergency...

High-performance wastewater treatment technologies suited to the urban environment remain largely inaccessible to developing countries due to financial constraints. Instead, inadequate technologies are being used that adversely affect the quality of water resources and limit their...

This paper conducts a meta-analysis of the estimated costs of producing Polylactic Acid (PLA). Cost contributions of specific inputs and process stages are identified through a production chain perspective. By applying the Monte Carlo technique, uncertainties in current estimates are reflected,...

In this paper, a Belgian tax reform plan is elaborated to respond to the EU proposal that requires member states to restructure passenger car taxation systems, preferentially based on the CO₂emissions of the car. A tax orientation on CO₂ emissions alone might however favour diesel vehicles,...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) is a rapidly growing electricity generation technology. The increasing penetration of this technology is facilitated by incentives and public policy support that are being offered by various jurisdictions. There are various options for installing photovoltaic systems,...

The aim of this paper is to seek an energy option that would benefit the growing energy demands. Domestic energy demands in southern Nigeria had increased greatly due to failing power programs and seasonal migrations. The fossil fuel option is gradually fading away due to environmental pollution...