This manifesto challenges a pernicious orthodoxy that has gripped Europe's policy makers. It is that demand- and supply-side policies must have different aims, that a limited number of supply-side policies are to be devoted to fighting unemployment, and that demand management (and particularly...

L'inclination naturelle de tout gouvernement est de considérer surtout le proche avenir. Les échanges électorales l'y incitent (...).

The application of the policies prescribed by the Washington Consensus in developing countries is the subject of a vast literature. What is much less known is that there exist only one pure laboratory experiment implementing the Washington Consensus in the western world: Europe. The aim of this...

This year the G's are meeting at a critical moment in history, at least economic and social history. They will confront the gravest economic and social crisis in almost 80 years. To paraphrase Keynes, the destiny of the world is in the hands of the members of the G's. They could act in such a...

Although the crisis emerged in the financial sector, its roots are deeper and lie in a structural change in income distribution that begun in the 1980s. The increase of inequality depressed aggregate demand by the middle-class, while the search for high returns by the wealthiest led to the...

An assessment of the conduct of monetary policy in Europe must necessarily be made along two distinct and complementary lines. The first is a comparison with the policies followed in the past. The second line has to assess whether monetary policy is adapted to the new conditions that came into...

On the 30th of August, Governing Council of the ECB decided to lower the key interest rates by 25 basis points. May be this decision was the only available in view of the evolution of core inflation in Europe, but for reasons made clear below, it is not going to ease the fiscal debate in Europe....

Je vous remercie de votre invitation. C’est un grand honneur pour moi de venir m’exprimer en ce lieu. Le sujet que nous allons évoquer me tient particulièrement à coeur. Je m’intéresse en effet à la force de la monnaie depuis le jour où mon fils, alors âgé de dix ans, m’a...