This paper generalizes Makeham’s formula, allowing for varying interest rates and for a non-flat structure of valuation rates. An average interest rate (AIR) is introduced, as well as an average valuation rate (AVR), which exist and are unique for any asset. They can be computed either as...

This paper aims to provide a foundation for the notion of economic rate of return and investigate its relations with accounting rates of return. Introducing the notion of depreciation class (the set of depreciation schedules with the same aggregate book value) it is shown that the mean of the...

The Net Present Value maximizing model has a respectable ancestry and is considered by most scholars a theoretically sound decision model. In real-life applications, decision makers use the NPV rule, but apply a subjectively determined hurdle rate, as opposed to the allegedly correct opportunity...

The internal rate of return (IRR) is often used by managers and practitioners for investment decisions. Unfortunately, it has serious flaws: (i) multiple real-valued IRRs may arise, (ii) complex-valued IRRs may arise, (iii) the IRR is, in general, incompatible with the net present value (NPV) in...

This article explores the behavior of the stock market in Colombia with the information given by the Bolsa de Bogota Index (Indice de la Bolsa de Bogota, IBB). The index is analyzed from January, 1930 to December, 1998. The inflation rate covers the same period; the inflation rate as measured by...

Este es material de curso del libro Decisiones Empresariales bajo Riesgo e Incertidumbre. El nivel del libro es basico. Se usan muy pocas matematicas y puede ser usado por gerentes. En este septimo capitulo se introduce al lector a las herramientas de solucion. Primero se usan ejemplos muy...

En este trabajo explicamos el uso apropiado de perpetuidades y el cálculo de su valor. Consideramos dos casos: calcular el valor en el período cero cuando la perpetuidad comienza con un flujo de caja dado en el período 1 y cuando se conoce el flujo de caja en el período cero y crece en el...

This paper shows a formulation for the cost of equity and the WACC for growing perpetuities. Some authors have derived the general expressions for those formulas but not specifically for perpetuities with constant growth. The result obtained is that a previously general formulation for a finite...

Esta nota pedagógica ilustra el cálculo de la elasticidad precio-demanda y su aplicación en la proyección de estados financieros.

Typical textbooks on corporate finance and forecasting and budgeting recommend closing" and matching the financial statements using what is known as a plug. A plug is a formula to match the Balance Sheet using differences in some items listed in it in such a way that the accounting equation...