Magnesium (Mg) alloys are suitable materials for weight reduction in vehicles because of their low density of 1.7g/cm3 and high specific strength. The effect of Mg substitution for conventional steel parts in a vehicle on total energy consumption and CO2 emissions was evaluated through life...

Energy consumption has increased remarkably over the past half century mainly due to increasing population and economic development. The influences of these two factors are considered. In most developed countries, such as Japan, France, Germany and Korea, the growth rate of energy consumption is...

This paper presents a new concept of 'value" which is developed in the author's general equilibrium framework (1988a). A traditional concept of labor value and a relatively new concept of commodity value are uniformly shown from this "value" as its normalized forms. A so-called fundamental...

The thoroughly revised second edition of this authoritative Handbook, complete with new chapters, comprehensively examines the current status and future directions of model-based systems in decision support and their application to sustainable development planning.