This paper was written by Gijsbert van Liemt, an independent consultant on employment and skills policies, and a former ILO official working on Active Labour Market Policies. His paper discusses secondary technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in the Netherlands, highlighting the...

Reviews the social and economic position of indigenous and tribal people with a view to identifying the role of the cooperative movement in supporting employment and income generation whilst preserving their traditional livelihoods.

Assesses the situation in three public emergency services in Bulgaria in relation to the ILO guidelines on social dialogue in the public emergency services in a changing environment adopted in 2003.

This paper reviews the literature on female labour force participation and women’s employment, with the aim of better understanding the drivers of labour market outcomes. This paper also attempts to explore the situation of women globally and in South Asia, through an examination of long-term...

The employment situation remains a major source of concern in the majority of countries in the European Union. Half of the region’s unemployed have been without work for more than a year, and unless the policy approach changes, the prospects are for a sluggish employment recovery. The...

The paper “At work but earning less: Trends in decent pay and minimum wages for young people” reviews existing literature and analyses recent data on young workers’ earnings. The findings of the paper point to the increase over time of the youth wage discount, i.e. the wage gap between...

Based on a questionnaire survey of 30 banks and related financial institutions in Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh City and Can Tho. Identifies the credit demand by micro and small enterprises versus the lending supply by banks and credit or donor institutions. Recommends provision of appropriate training...