The diffusion of greenhouse gases in the earth atmosphere confronts us with problems demanding both national and international cooperation. For every single state it is attractive that other countries commit themselves to climate protection whereas the own state - using the free-rider-strategy -...

A whole bundle of so-called "flexible mechanisms" has been foreseen by the Kyoto Protocol in order to help industrial countries to fulfill their agreed reduction targets in the most cost-effective way. Emission permits will act as the backbone of all market-orientated mechanisms. Therefore,...

This paper analyses the determinants of the size of the informal economy using cross-country regressions. Two sets of global data using indirect estimation techniques and the perception of business leaders for 109 countries as well as a regional set for Latin America based on direct data are...