We consider a G / M / 1 queue with two-stage service policy. The server starts to serve with rate of μ 1 customers per unit time until the number of customers in the system reaches λ. At this moment, the service rate is changed to that of μ 2 customers per unit time and this rate continues...

: Plain or crude Monte Carlo simulation (CMC) is commonly applied for estimating multiperiod tail risk measures such as value-at-risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES). After fitting a volatility model to the past history of returns and estimating the conditional distribution of innovations, one...