Three different, commercially available photovoltaic modules have been monitored outdoors in the town of Grimstad, Norway. The present paper describes the experimental setup that was implemented, in particular details of the low-cost electronic loads. Results compare measured performance with...

This paper presents the effects of spectral irradiance distribution on the performance of polycrystalline (p-Si) and amorphous silicon (a-Si) photovoltaic (PV) modules under Thai climatic conditions. The annual outdoor solar spectrum measurements bouncing on the PV modules installed at Energy...

Mugla is located in south west Turkey at 37°13′N latitude and 28°36′E longitude with yearly sum of horizontal global irradiation exceeding 1700kWh per square meter. Mugla has a Mediterranean Climate which is characterized by long, hot and dry summers with cool and wet winters. Mugla...

Recently, the maximum entropy principle has been applied to explain the evolution of complex non-equilibrium systems, such as the Earth system. I argue that it can also be fruitfully deployed to reconsider the classical treatment of entropy in economics by Georgescu-Roegen, if the growth of...

The aim of this work is to present the results of maximum power performance measurements of PV modules of the first grid-connected PV system installed at Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables (CDER), working since June 2004. The analysis has shown that all the PV modules are...

The Carnot efficiency of usual thermal motors compares the work produced by the motor to the heat received from the hot source, neglecting the perturbation of the cold source: thus, even if it may be appropriate for industrial purposes, it is not pertinent in the scope of sustainable development...

A multistage irreversible Carnot heat engine system operating between a finite thermal capacity high-temperature fluid reservoir and an infinite thermal capacity low-temperature environment with generalized convective heat transfer law [q∝(ΔT)m] and the irreversibility of heat resistance and...

The numerical simulation of horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) with untwisted blade was performed to determine the optimal angle of attack that produces the highest power output. The numerical solution was carried out by solving conservation equations in a rotating reference frame wherein the...

The Carnot efficiency of usual thermal motors compares the work produced by the motor to the heat received from the hot source, neglecting the perturbation of the cold source: thus, even if it may be appropriate for industrial purposes, it is not pertinent in the scope of sustainable development...

Recently, the maximum entropy principle has been applied to explain the evolution of complex non-equilibrium systems, such as the Earth system. I argue that it can also be fruitfully deployed to reconsider the classical treatment of entropy in economics by Georgescu-Roegen, if the growth of...