This experimental study examines latent racial prejudice toward out-groups among 152 Spanish college students when they make guesses about the contributions of others in a public good game. Prejudice is examined firstly from the perspective of a two-sided, implicitly-held belief toward any of...

The paper is devoted to the analysis of impulses summoned by shifts in Russian economy's money supply. We catch the shocks outgoing to primal elements of gross domestic product, i.e. consumption of goods and durables, capital investment, public expenditures and net export. Using VEC model we...

The objective of this study is to test regional economic inequalities in Jordan. The methodology has been profoundly influenced by the statistical approach of Analyses Of Variance (ANOVA). This approach tests regional variations in consumption on governorates level. The Least Significant...

This study examined the causal relationship between government spending and national income in panel of three African countries – Nigeria, Ghana and South Africa - during the period 1970 to 2012 using Johansen Fisher Panel Cointegration Test and then on a country-by-country basis using time...

We consider the problem of testing for slope homogeneity in high-dimensional panel data models with cross-sectionally correlated errors. We consider a Swamy-type test for slope homogeneity by incorporating interactive fixed effects. We show that the proposed test statistic is asymptotically...

This brief applies a simple framework for assessing the relative potential for Rotary membership growth in different geographic areas. The analysis is relative in that areas are compared to each other through an econometric procedure. By design about half of the areas are considered as...

This study was conducted to investigate the issue of what Philippine merchandise trade flows would be if countries operated at the frontier of the gravity model. The study sought to estimate the coefficients of the gravity model. The estimated coefficients were used to estimate merchandise...

Conceptual overview, critical commentary and future directions

The active and independent ensemble is redistributing substrate from source to sink, controlling internal giving and taking by its own. This will lead to superadditivity in comparison to the inactive ensemble. The surface area of superadditivity differs from dependent ensembles. The line of...

Decades of failure to evaluate the ecosystem services provided by Pekapeka Swamp in New Zealand led to decisions that allowed prolonged degradation of the swamp, resulting in the loss of potential economic value. In 1998 a long term management plan was adopted to restore and preserve the swamp...